So I thought this article was a nice description of 2FA and some examples of where it is currently in use. An important thing to remember is that 2FA is not just about a token used for authentication, it can be any second factor.
Some of the examples they talk about include various services (from Apple to Google to Twitter and more) that send SMS messages to your phone (where-in the phone is the second factor), or Microsoft, which has an authenticator app where you approve (or reject) logins on untrusted devices. A common example that isn’t mention here (but is in other places) is your ATM card and PIN, where the card is the second factor.
Let the learning begin!